2023年考研英语真题（一）答案解析
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1 __ those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3 __ the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection.__4__ , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5 __ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family.
The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__ by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, __9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and __10__ a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the __11__ . Newlyseds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may __12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby.
Divorce is legal and easy to __14__ ,but not common. Divoreced persons are __15__with some disapproval. Each spouse retains __16__ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__ up: The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__ the woman must wait ten months.
1. [A] by way of [B] on behalf of [C] as well as [D] with regard to
[标准答案] [C] as well as
[考点分析] 逻辑关系
[选项分析] 因为考查逻辑关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：空格处身处大环境not only…but also之中，这是一个明显的并列关系，表示“不仅……而且……”，该空后面的those指代前文出现的“parents and friends”，显然“the young man”与“the young woman”为并列关系，表示“与他本人以及伴侣的父母朋友相关”，所以答案只能是[C]项as well as 也，又。[A]项by way of 通过，[D]项with regard to 关于，[B]项on behalf of 代表。
2. [A] adapt to [B] provide for [C] compete with [D] decide on
[标准答案] [D] decide on
[考点分析] 上下文语义
[选项分析] 根据该句的主语a young man与宾语a likely spouse的关系，答案只能是[D]项decide on“决定”，表示自己决定自己的配偶。[B]项provide for为……提供准备……，provide为及物动词，直接跟宾语，不需要加介词;[C]项compete with“与……竞争”，[A]项adapt to“适用”。
3. [A] close [B] remew [C] arrange [D] postpone
[标准答案] [C] arrange
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词辨析
[选项分析] 该句意思为：他可以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母_____婚姻谈判。四个选项中，[A]项close 关闭;[B]项renew 更新，恢复;[D]项postpone 推迟;这三项语义不正确，只有[C]项arrange“安排”符合语境。
4. [A] Above all [B] In theory [C] In time [D] For example
[标准答案] [B] In theory
[考点分析] 上下文语义
[选项分析] 逻辑判断题主要是看前后两句的含义，前面说“他可以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母安排婚姻谈判，或者完全由父母选择对象，不给孩子选择的机会。”空格后面说“女方可以否决她父母所选择的对象。”这两句之间显然是相反的关系，且有一个may，更证明[B]项In theory“理论上说”的正确性，而其他选项[A]项Above all最重要的是，[C]项In time 准时，[D]项For example举例，均不符合题意。
5. [A] Although [B] Lest [C] After [D] Unless
[标准答案] [C] After
[考点分析] 上下文语义
[选项分析] 根据下文“______a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other…”可知，只有对象选择好后，父母才会去调查对方，显然表达的是时间先后顺序，所以只有after才对。其他选项[A]项Although 尽管， [B]项Lest 以免，唯恐，[D]Unless 除非，否则都不符合题意。
6. [A] into [B] within [C] from [D] through
[标准答案] [A] into
[考点分析] 上下文语义及介词辨析
[选项分析] 这里主要是看marry与相关介词的固定搭配及句意理解。这里marry into就是指“通过婚姻得到[成为]……的一员”，而其他选项均没有这层含义。
7. [A] since [B] or [C] but [D] so
[标准答案] [C] but
[考点分析] 逻辑关系
[选项分析] 根据上文“以前婚礼会持续三天”，出处句子意为“到了20世纪80年代，婚礼只持续一天半”，显然与前文发生转变，为对比关系，因此选择[C]项but 但是。
8. [A] copy [B] test [C] recite [D] create
[标准答案] [C] recite
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词辨析
[选项分析] 空格处需要填一个动词，和后面的prayers of blessing所搭配，[C]项recite 有“吟诵、朗诵”的意思，与所给短语搭配最为合理，译为“吟诵祝福的祈祷文”。
9. [A] folding [B] piling [C] wrapping [D] tying
[标准答案] [D] tying
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词辨析
[选项分析] 本题需要根据上下文语义分析，空格处需要搭配后文“棉线”，纵观四个选项[A]项 折叠，[B]项 堆积，[C]项 包裹，[D]项 系上，根据后文的“around the bride’s and groom’s wrists 在新郎和新娘的腰间”，只有[D]项“将在圣水中浸过的棉线系在新郎和新娘的腰间”符合句意。
10. [A] passing [B] lighting [C] hiding [D] serving
[标准答案] [A] passing
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词辨析
[选项分析] 原文空格需要填写一个动词与后文“around a circle”来搭配，译为“将蜡烛传一圈”，故[A]项“传递”为正确选项。[B]项 点亮，[C]项 隐藏，[D]项 服务。
11. [A] meeting [B] collection [C] association [D] union
[标准答案] [D] union
[考点分析] 名词辨析
[选项分析] 本句语义为“将蜡烛绕着幸福完婚和受人尊敬的夫妻传递一圈来祝福 ”，[D]项 结合，引申为“婚姻”之意;根据语境，[D]项正确。
12. [A] grow [B] part [C] deal [D] live
[标准答案] [D] live
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词辨析
[选项分析] 本题比较简单。根据语义“根据传统，新婚夫妇要搬到妻子父母家，与父母____一年”，[D]项“生活”为最佳答案。[C]项 交易，[B]项 分开，[A]项 成长。
13. [A] whereas [B] until [C] if [D] for
[标准答案] [B] until
[考点分析] 时间逻辑关系
[选项分析] 本句意为“_____他们在附近建造一栋新房子”，[A]项 然而，[B]项 直到，[D]项因为，[C]项 如果，结合前文“新婚夫妇根据传统要和女方家人生活一年”，前后存在一定的时间关系，[B]项“直到”最符合原文语境，搭配最为合理。
14. [A] avoid [B] follow [C] challenge [D] obtain
[标准答案] [D] obtain
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词辨析
[选项分析] Divorce is legal and relatively easy to __14__, but not common. 该句句意为“离婚是合法的，且相对容易____。”[A]项avoid避免，[B]项follow跟随，[C]项challenge挑战，质疑，[D]项obtain获得，实现。根据关键词“legal”可知这里表达的是正面的意思，再根据句意选择[D]项。
15. [A] isolated [B] persuaded [C] viewed [D] exposed
[标准答案] [C] viewed
[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词辨析
[选项分析] Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. 离婚的人 一些不认可。本段为国际会议招募志愿者的通知，而且2023年英语(二)考查的也是招募志愿者的通知。
同是以图书馆为写作背景，在2023年英语(一)的建议信中也已经考查过，所以相关表达在课堂上都已经涉及过。因此，只要根据2023年通知的格式，再结合2023年建议信的相关内容，就可以很轻松的写出2023年的小作文。这就提醒我们2023届的同学们要高度重视历年真题，因为考过的话题或是应用性短文会反复考查。
接下来，我们来详细解读今年的小作文。首先看一下题目要求：
Suppose you are a librarian in your university. Write a notice of about 100 words, providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.
小作文，即A节作文的评分侧重点在于：1. 格式和语域的恰当性;2. 信息点的覆盖面;3. 内容的组织;4. 语言的准确性。
在这里，我们主要从格式和内容两方面来解析此文。首先，从格式上来说，通知的格式包括四大部分：
1、标题，通知要求必须有标题，可以直接用Notice做标题，注意首字母大写，且标题要居中;
2、时间，通知的时间要求在标题下方第二行，按照日月年的顺序来写，注意月与年之间要有逗号，且时间要靠右对齐;
3、正文，通知正文要求首段缩进四个字符，不要求一定分段，但为了内容层次清晰，建议分三段为好。
4、落款，落款即发布通知的单位，此处需要特别注意，根据题目的要求，考生是代表图书馆写的通知，所以落款应该是某某图书馆，而非Li Ming本人。
另外，从内容上来看，作为一名图书管理员，要向学生介绍学校的图书馆，其实可以介绍的内容还有很多，比如图书馆的藏书、图书馆的开放时间、入馆要求等等。所以内容部分对大家来说应该也不是难事，具体内容可以参考如上范文。
Part B
Directions:
Write an essay of 160—200 words based on the following picture.in your essay, you should
1. describe the pictures briefly,
2. interpret its intended meaning, and
3. give your comments.
You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET . (20 points)
【范文】
What is symbolically depicted in the caricatures carries sharp contrast implications. In the first drawing, a father is watching a football match on the sofa. Meanwhile, he is supervising his son to finish homework. It is obvious that his son wears frowned expression on his face. On the contrary, the second portrayal depicts a father is working earnestly besides his son, and his son is doing his own assignment without prodding.
The drawer demonstrates that utmost significance should be attached to the phenomenon that setting proper examples has exerted great impact on the growth of the younger generation in China. Previously, it is widely acknowledged that parents are under obligation to help their kids form a set of appropriate values about the world and the life, which carries overwhelmingly precious connotation to the sound development on the younger generation. Simultaneously, there is no denying that the most rational method for adults to educate adolescents is to set them good examples rather than making perpetual requirements, which is less persuasive compared with the actions.
Accordingly, it is vital for us to derive positive implication from the drawings. On the one hand, we can frequently use them to enlighten parents to be more advisable in educating their children. On the other hand, parents should attach more emphasis on setting excellent models for their juveniles. Only in this way, can we effectively ensure a promising prospect for adolescents.
